1. What are the three main divisions of the brain and what are their

functions?

- The three main divisions of the brain are the forebrain, the midbrain and

the hindbrain. The forebrain consists of the cerebrum, the thalamus and

the hypothalamus. It is responsible for higher cognitive functions, sensory

integration, emotional regulation and endocrine control. The midbrain is

part of the brainstem and it connects the forebrain and the hindbrain. It is

involved in motor coordination, eye movements, auditory processing and

arousal. The hindbrain includes the cerebellum, the pons and the medulla

oblongata. It regulates balance, posture, breathing, heart rate and blood

pressure.

2. What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex and what are their main

functions?

- The four lobes of the cerebral cortex are the frontal lobe, the parietal

lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe. The frontal lobe is located

at the anterior part of the brain and it is involved in planning, decision

making, problem solving, personality, speech production and voluntary

movement. The parietal lobe is located at the top of the brain and it is

involved in somatosensory processing, spatial awareness, attention and

language comprehension. The temporal lobe is located at the sides of the

brain and it is involved in auditory processing, memory, emotion and

language recognition. The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain

and it is involved in visual processing.

3. What are the two types of cells in the nervous system and what are their

functions?

- The two types of cells in the nervous system are neurons and glial cells.

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals along their

axons to communicate with other neurons or target cells. Glial cells are