NAMs Menopause Certification Exam Questions &
Answers, All Verified
Climacteric phase - The period of endrocrinologic, somatic, and transitory psychologic changes
that occur around the time of menopause.
Early menopause - LMP before age 45
Late menopause - LMP after age 54
Primary ovarian insufficiency - Menopause that occurs before age 40
Early menopause transition (stage -2) - Persistent difference of 7 days or more in the length of
consecutive cycles.
Late menopause transition (stage -1) - 60 or more consecutive days of amenorrhea
Luteal out of phase event (LOOP) - Explains why some perimenopausal women have elevated
estrogen level sometimes...In the early menopause transition, elevated FSH levels are adequate to
recruit a second follicle which results in a follicular phase-like rise in estradiol secretion
superimposed on the mid-to-late luteal phase of the ongoing ovulatory cycle.
Obese women and estradiol levels during menopause - Obese women are more likely to have
anovulatory cycles with high estradiol levels. They are also more likely to have lower
premenopause yet higher postmenopause estradiol levels compared with women of normal
weight. (why they are at higher risk of endometrial cancer)
Chinese and Japanese women - These ethnic groups have lower estradiol levels then white, black
and hispanic women.
stage +2 - late menopause stage: 5-8 years after FMP. Somatic aging predominates. Increased
genitourinary symptoms.
Stages +1a, +1b, +1c - early post menopause: 2 years after FMP. FSH rises, estradiol decreases.
VMS predominate.
Elevated FSH, LH - Endocrine labs after menopause
AMH, inhibin B - These hormones work during reproductive years to not deplete follicle pool
too quickly.
Phases during menopause transition and PMS symptoms - Menstrual cycle shortenes, follicular
phase compresses, women spend more time in luteal phase.. meaning more premenstrual
symptoms and more frequent menstrual periods.