1. A neonate exhibits signs of respiratory distress. Which embryological
development stage is most crucial for the proper formation of the
respiratory system?
A) Pseudoglandular
B) Canalicular
C) Saccular
D) Alveolar
Correct Answer: B) Canalicular
Rationale: The canalicular stage, occurring from weeks 16 to 26 of
gestation, is critical for the development of the airways and the
structures necessary for gas exchange.
2. During a routine examination, a neonate is found to have a patent
ductus arteriosus (PDA). Which physiological mechanism typically
ensures closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth?
A) Decrease in prostaglandin E2 levels
B) Increase in fetal hemoglobin concentration
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