A health care provider's prescription reads potassium chloride 20 mEq in 

1000 mL normal saline and infuse at 100 mL/hr. The nurse assisting in 

caring for the client determines that the client will receive how many 

milliequivalents (mEq) of potassium every hour? Fill in the blank.

Rationale:

Use the ratio and proportion formula to solve this problem, and then solve 

for x.

20 mEq: 1000 mL :: x mg: 100 mL

Multiply means and extremes then divide to solve for x.

1000x = 2000x = 2 mEq

Penicillin V 250 mg orally every 8 hours, is prescribed for a child with a 

respiratory infection. The child's weight is 45 pounds. The safe pediatric 

dosage is 25 to 50 mg/kg/day. Which statement accurately describes the 

prescribed dosage for this child?

Rationale:

Convert pounds to kilograms by dividing by 2.2 and then determine the

dosage frequency.Pounds to kilograms:45 lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = 20.45 kgDosage 

parameters:25 mg/kg/day × 20.45 kg = 511.25 mg/day50 mg/kg/day × 

20.45 kg = 1022.5 mg/dayDosage frequency:250 mg × 3 doses (every 8 

hours) = 750 mg/dayThe dosage is within the safe dosage range.

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The nurse is assigned to care for an Asian-American client. The nurse 

develops a plan of care based on which belief?

Rationale:

Asian Americans believe that illness is caused by an imbalance between yin 

and yang, by prolonged sitting or lying, or by overexertion. In the AfricanAmerican culture, illness is viewed as a disharmonious state that may be 

caused by demons and spirits. Native Americans believe that illness is 

caused by supernatural forces.

An anxious client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation 

as a result of anxiety. The nurse should do which action to help the client 

experiencing this acid-base disorder?

Rationale:

An anxious client benefits from emotional support and reassurance, which in 

turn reduces anxiety and may lower the respiratory rate. The client may 

benefit from the administration of a sedative or antianxiety medication, if it 

is prescribed. The client should try to breathe more slowly and shallowly. 

Lying supine provides no benefit to the client.

The nurse is assisting in the care of a client receiving codeine sulfate for 

pain. The nurse should make note of which finding to detect an adverse 

effect of this medication?

Rationale:

The client taking codeine sulfate is at risk for constipation. Thus, the nurse 

monitors the frequency of bowel movements. The nurse also would monitor 

the client for hypotension, decreased respirations, and urinary retention. The 

nurse would plan measures to counteract these expected effects such as 

encouraging fluids, coughing and deep breathing, and increasing mobility to 

the extent tolerated by the client.