1.A nurse is teaching about the energy needed at rest to maintain life-sustaining

activities for a specific period of time. What is the nurse discussing?

a. Resting energy expenditure (REE)

b. Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

c. Nutrient density

d. Nutrients

ANS: B

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy needed at rest to maintain lifesustaining activities for a specific period of time. The resting energy expenditure

(REE), or resting metabolic rate, is the amount of energy an individual needs to

consume over a 24-hour period for the body to maintain all of its internal working

activities while at rest. Nutrients are the elements necessary for body processes and

function. Nutrient density is the proportion of essential nutrients to the number of

kilocalories. High–nutrient density foods provide a large number of nutrients in

relation to kilocalories.

2. In general, when a patient’s energy requirements are completely met by

kilocalorie (kcal) intake in food, which assessment finding will the nurse

observe?

a. Weight increases.

b. Weight decreases.

c. Weight does not change.

d. Weight fluctuates daily.

ANS: C

In general, when energy requirements are completely met by kilocalorie (kcal)

intake in food, weight does not change. When kilocalories ingested exceed a

person’s energy demands, the individual gains weight. If kilocalories ingested fail to

meet a person’s energy requirement, the individual loses weight. Fluid, not

kilocalories, causes daily weight fluctuations.

3.A nurse is asked how many kcal per gram fats provided. How should the nurse