1. A family nurse practitioner (FNP) is conducting a home

visit for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease (COPD). The FNP notices that the patient has

difficulty breathing, cyanosis, and edema. What is the most

appropriate action for the FNP to take?

A) Administer oxygen therapy and diuretics

B) Refer the patient to the emergency department

C) Prescribe bronchodilators and corticosteroids

D) Educate the patient about smoking cessation and

pulmonary rehabilitation

Answer: B. The patient has signs of acute respiratory

failure, which is a life-threatening condition that requires

immediate medical attention. Oxygen therapy and diuretics

may help relieve some symptoms, but they are not

sufficient to treat the underlying cause. Bronchodilators

and corticosteroids may improve airflow and reduce

inflammation, but they are not effective in reversing

respiratory failure. Smoking cessation and pulmonary

rehabilitation are important long-term interventions, but

they are not urgent in this situation.

2. A family nurse practitioner (FNP) is providing care for a

pregnant woman who is at 32 weeks of gestation. The

woman reports having vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain,

and contractions. The FNP suspects that the woman has

placenta previa. What is the best diagnostic test to confirm