A therapist is treating a patient with a wound on the ischial tuberosity. The patient is incontinent, and contaminated the wound bed following an accidental leak. Otherwise, the wound has been healing well. What level of pressure should the PT use when irrigating the wound? - CORRECT ANSWER Between 4 to 15 psi. Pressure close to 4 prevent damage and protect the granulation tissue. A 4-year-old child has been referred to physical therapy for weakness and "failure to thrive." The child's family reports a gradual onset of weakness and lack of desire to participate in play. After a brief examination, the child appears significantly fatigued. What condition would MOST likely be consistent with these symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER Leukemia General malaise, fatigue and lethargy, Prolonged or recurrent episodes of fever, Irritability, Growth restriction and/or failure to thrive, Shortness of breath and/or reduced exercise tolerance, Dizziness and palpitations, Bleeding diathesis, particularly causing epistaxis, bleeding gums and/or easy bruising, Bone or joint pain, particularly in the legs, Troublesome constipation, Prolonged cough, Headache, Nausea and vomiting, particularly if central nervous system (CNS) infiltration is present. A patient sustained an injury to his knee. While in the hospital, imaging was ordered, and the patient was given a diagnosis of popliteal artery occlusion. What is the BEST treatment option for this patient in the acute care setting? - CORRECT ANSWER Complete bed rest Complete bed rest is advised in this situation, as the patient has an active occluded artery. Increased BP via the pumping exercises may increase the likelihood of a cardiovascular event, or increase the risk of tissue damage via hypoxia. Increasing pressure or heat is contraindicated in arterial deficiencies. Which of the following strategies is optimal for BEST positioning for a patient with a CVA when lying on the hemiplegic side? - CORRECT ANSWER Forearm supinated Effective positioning of the hemiparetic extremities encourages proper joint alignment while positioning the limbs out of the abnormal postures typically assumed. When lying on the more affected side, forearm should be should be kept in supination. A patient with a tracheostomy tube has been hospitalized for two days. During physical therapy the patient suddenly exhibits dyspnea, cyanosis of lips, and cramping of the right calf muscle. What should the therapist suspect based on the symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER Respiratory Distress Dyspnea, shortness of breath, or cramping in the calf muscles are common signs of respiratory distress. Mucus plugging, tube displacement, disruption or disconnection of oxygen can cause respiratory distress in a tracheostomy patient. A PT Assistant was treating a patient status post ACL reconstruction and asked the patient to complete knee extension exercises that were not in the original plan of care. After completing the exercises, the patient's pain was exacerbated and later determined that they were injured during the PTA's care. In this scenario, who is MOST responsible for the patient's injury? - CORRECT ANSWER The treating physical therapy assistant Which of the following is the MOST commonly dislocated joint in the shoulder? - CORRECT ANSWER Glenohumeral joint Glenohumeral joint is the most mobile joint. It is a multiaxial, ball-and-socket, synovial joint that depends primarily on the muscles and ligaments rather than bones for its support, stability. It has high mobility but little articular stability making it the most commonly dislocated joint of the shoulder complex. An adult patient diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is receiving postural drainage and percussion. The patient is positioned in right side-lying with the foot of the bed elevated to 18 inches, and a pillow placed between and under the knees. Which lobe is being drained? - CORRECT ANSWER Left lower lobe anterior basal For Lateral basal (option A&B) the patient lies on abdomen, head down, then rotates 1/4 turn upward. Which of the following treatment guidelines is LEAST effective for patients with Alzheimer's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Group therapy with exercises that use verbal commands It is difficult for Alzheimer's patient to follow and remember verbal commands, so option A is least effective. Using images, short, simple and same exercises every day is beneficial for the patient.