1. What is circadian rhythm and how does it affect our day and how does it affect our day and
night if we change our sleeping habits/job? Circadian rhythm
2. Identify the stages of sleep & what happens in each stage:
Stage 1: NREM o Stage lasts a few minutes; it includes lightest level of sleep. o Decrease
physiological activity begins with gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism. o Sensory stimuli
(ex. Noise) easily arouses person. o Awakened person feels as though daydreaming has
occurred. *You don’t always remember dreams; ONLY when you are awoken by a disturbance
(ex: alarm)
Stage 2: NREM o Stage lasts 10-20 minutes o A period of sound sleep o Relaxation
progresses o Body functions continue to slow o Arousal remains relatively easy
Stage 3 NREM o Stage lasts 15-30 minutes o Involves initial stages of deep sleep o Muscles
are completely relaxed o Vital signs decline but remain regular o Sleeper is difficult to arouse
and rarely moves
Stage 4 NREM o Stage lasts approximately 15-30 minutes o Deepest stage of sleep o If sleep
loss has occurred, sleeper spends a majority of the night in this stage o Vital signs are
significantly lower than during waking hours o Sleep walking and enuresis (bed-wetting)
sometimes occur o It is very difficult to arouse sleeper
REM Sleep: o Begins about 90 minutes after sleep has begun; *Very difficult to arouse the
sleeper o Duration increases with each sleep cycle and averages 20 min. o Vivid, full-color
dreaming occurs; less-vivid dreaming occurs in other stages o Characterized by: rapidly
moving eyes, fluctuating heart & respiration rates, Increased or fluctuating BP, Decreased
skeletal muscle tone, and increase of gastric secretions. *REM sleep necessary for brain tissue
restoration & important for cognitive restoration
3. a nurse is caring for a client who has atypical depression and is taking phenelzine. which of the
following is appropriate for the nurses to offer as an evening snack? low fat yogurt
Category | NR & NUR Exams |
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