1. What are the four main components of a health assessment?

Explain each one briefly.

- The four main components are health history, physical

examination, laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures.

Health history is the collection of subjective data from the

patient or a reliable source about their past and present health

status, symptoms, risk factors, medications, allergies, etc.

Physical examination is the collection of objective data from

the patient using inspection, palpation, percussion and

auscultation techniques. Laboratory tests are the analysis of

body fluids or tissues to detect abnormalities or confirm

diagnoses. Diagnostic procedures are the use of imaging or

other methods to visualize or measure the structure or

function of organs or systems.

2. What are the three levels of health promotion and

prevention? Give an example of each one.

- The three levels are primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary

prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs

by reducing risk factors or enhancing protective factors. An

example is immunization against infectious diseases. Secondary

prevention aims to detect and treat disease or injury early

before it causes significant damage or complications. An

example is screening for breast cancer with mammography.

Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of disease or

injury that has already occurred by restoring function,

preventing complications or improving quality of life. An

example is rehabilitation after a stroke.

3. What are some common sources of error or bias in health

assessment? How can you minimize them?