1. Point Mutation: Answer Substitutions of one or a few nucleotide base pairs in DNA 2. Deletions and additions/ insertions: Answer result in frameshift mutation This can deregulate the genes that control cell replication 3. ChromosomeTranslocation: Answer rearrangement of genesfrom one chromosome toanother 4. Gene amplification: Answer mutation where a small piece of chromosome is duplicatedmultiple times If contains proto-oncogene then the progrowth signals will be amplified many timesover 5. Epigenetic changes: Answer controls gene activity in several different ways 6. Carcinoma in Situ (CIS): Answer Malignant cells are confined to the epithelial layer of atissue and have not penetrated the basement membrane 7. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Answer Epithelial