1. Communication and support for a mechanically ventilated patient.: Answer Assessthe patient's understanding and initiate a form of communication. This decreases anxiety and allows the patient to make their needs known. A communication board is a good choice. 2. Risk factors for ARDs: Answer ~ Sepsis ~ Aspiration ~ Oxygen toxicity ~ Severe pancreatitis ~ Pneumonia ~ Near drowning events ~ Trauma Usually major systemic inflammation 3. Manifestations of ARDs: Answer • Severe Dyspnea • Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema (lung sounds- crackles) • Tachypnea/use of accessory muscles • Reduced lung compliance • Dense patchy bilateral pulmonary infiltrates "white out" • Severe hypoxemia despite administration of 100% oxygen(refractory hypoxemia) Fast onset - air hunger and crackles are earliest signs Low PaO2 and initially low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation (alkalosis) that changesto high PaCO2 with fatigue. pH will drop as *RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS* develops. 4. Nursing care of ARDs: