1. Have a good understanding of hypoxia and clinical manifestations.What would you
see in the patient? (479t):
Answer
-Hypoxia: Inadequate oxygenation. Due to obstruction.
-CNS: (EARLY) Unexplained apprehension, unexplained restlessness or irritability,
unexplained confusion or lethargy, (LATE) unexplained confusion or lethargy, combativeness, coma.
-Respiratory: (EARLY) Tachypnea, dyspnea on exertion, (LATE) dyspnea at rest, use of
accessory muscles, retraction of intercostal spaces on inspiration, pause for breath
between sentences, words.
-Cardiovascular:(EARLY) Tachycardia, mild hypertension, dysrhythmias, (LATE)
dysrythmias, hypotension, cyanosis, cool/clammy skin.
-Other: (EARLY and LATE) Diaphoresis, decreased urine output, unexplained fatigue.
2. If you are a patient with chronic hypoxemia combined with polycythemia vera, what
will your skin look like? Blood capacity for carrying O2 is de- creased.:
Answer
-Blue and red/flushed skin.
-Know colors to be able to detect it when you see it.
-Breathing capacity? Accessory muscle use, pursed lip, barrel chest.
-What kind of posture? Tripod.
3. Goals of patient with COPD? Manage s/s of the disease and being able to maintain
function:
Answer
-Goals: (596)
1. Prevention of disease progression
2. Ability to perform ADLs and improved exercise tolerance
3. Relief from symptoms
4. No complications related to COPD
5. Knowledge and ability to implement a long-term treatment regimen
6. Overall improved quality of life
-Signs and Symptoms: Clinical manifestations typically develop slowly, but COPD
should be considered in all patients over age 40 with 10 or more pack years of cigarette
smoking. A diagnosis of COPD should be considered in any patient who hassymptoms of
cough,sputumproduction, or dyspnea and/or a history of exposure to risk factors for the
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