1. Fluid Volume Excess Manifestations: Answer Weight gainEdema Ascites Crackles Distended jugular veins Increase BP, RR Increased urinary output Bounding Pulse 2. Fluid volume Excess Labs: Answer Decreased BUNDecreased Serum and osmolality urine Decreased H&H Decreased Urine sodium Decreased Urine specific gravity 3. Fluid Volume Deficit: Answer Occurs alone or in combination with other imbalances Loss of extracellular fluid exceeds intake Electrolytes lost in same proportion 4. Fluid Volume Deficit Causes: Answer Abnormal fluid lossesVomiting, Diarrhea, sweating Decreased intake Third Spacing/Fluid shiftsBurns, ascites Diabetes, hemorrhage 5. Fluid Volume Deficit Manifestations: Answer Dry mouth Decreased skin turgor Dry, cool extremities Muscle cramps Fatigue