1. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): Answer Systemic inflammatory response to a variety of insults including infection (referred to as sepsis), ischemia, infarction and injury 2. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS): Answer The failure of 2 or more organ systemsin an acutely ill patientsuch that homeostasis cannot be maintained without intervention 3. MODS results from: Answer SIRS 4. Triggersfor SIRS: Answer Triggers Mechanical tissue trauma: burns, crush injuries, surgical procedures Abscess formation: intraabdominal, extremities Ischemic or necrotic tissue: pancreatitis, vascular disease, MI Microbial invasion: bacteria, viruses, fungi Endotoxin release: gram-negative bacteria Global perfusion deficits: postcardiac resuscitation, shock states Regional perfusion deficits: distal perfusion deficits 5. SIRS and MODS patho: Answer When the inflammatory response is activated consequences include the release of: -Mediators -Direct damage to the endothelium -Hypermetabolism Vascular permeability increases causing mediators and protein to leak out of the endothelium and into the interstitial space WBC begin to digest foreign debris