1. Hypercapnic respiratory failure: Answer INCREASED CO2 (greater than 50mm Hg) and DECREASED pH (less than 7.35), Telling us it's a VENTILATION problem, pteither not breathing enough or has an air trapping diagnosis such as asthma or COPD 2. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Answer a form of the sudden onset ofsevere lung dysfunction affecting both lungs, making breathing extremely difficult fluid overload in alveoli,hear crackles, difficulty breathing prone them (lay them on stomach) edema, dyspnea, tachypnea, coughing, restless, mild hypoxemia, respiratory alkalosis x-ray shows all white due to fluid, unstable blood pressure Get dopamine/nor epi ready 3. PaCO2: Answer 35-45 mmHg 4. HCO3- (Bicarb): Answer 22-26 mEq/L5. PaO2: Answer 80-100 mmHg 6. Urine specific gravity: Answer 1.002-1.030 elevated in dehydration, bacteria, ketones, glucose, proteins, blood, cystitisused to measure