1. What is the difference between assessment and evaluation in nursing education?

- Assessment is the process of obtaining information for a specific purpose, such as understanding and

improving student learning. Evaluation is the process of judging the quality, value or worth of something,

such as student performance or learning outcomes. Assessment provides evidence for evaluation, but they

are not the same thing.

2. What are some advantages of a centralised nurse education service model over a decentralised or

combination model?

- A centralised nurse education service model has more responsibilities and functions within an

organisation, such as supporting formal training programs, coordinating graduate nurse programs and

student nurse placements, supporting service redesign, and mentoring staff undertaking new roles. A

centralised model also has advantages such as consistent standards, quality assurance, resource efficiency,

staff development, and organisational alignment.

3. What are some examples of learning models that can be used to integrate learning, teaching and

assessment in nursing education?

- Some examples of learning models are:

- The constructive alignment model, which aligns learning outcomes, teaching methods and assessment

tasks to promote deep learning and critical thinking.

- The experiential learning model, which involves learning from direct experience, reflection,

conceptualisation and experimentation.

- The transformative learning model, which involves challenging assumptions, perspectives and beliefs

through critical reflection, dialogue and action.

4. What are some strategies for assessing and evaluating learning outcomes in nursing education?

- Some strategies for assessing and evaluating learning outcomes are:

- Multiple-choice questions (MCQs), which can measure knowledge, comprehension and application of

concepts. MCQs can be used for formative or summative assessment, and can provide immediate feedback

and statistical analysis.

- Essays, which can measure higher-order thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis and evaluation. Essays

can be used for formative or summative assessment, and can provide qualitative feedback and holistic

judgement.

- Portfolios, which can showcase a collection of evidence of learning achievements, reflections and

feedback over time. Portfolios can be used for formative or summative assessment, and can provide

comprehensive feedback and developmental guidance.