NU 217 Gerontological Nursing LATEST MIDTERM EXAM GUIDE 2025/2026

1. A 78-year-old patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes
mellitus presents with a new onset of confusion and agitation.
Which of the following should be the nurse's first action?
 A. Administer an antipsychotic medication.
 B. Perform a comprehensive physical assessment.
 C. Restrict fluids to prevent possible fluid overload.
 D. Increase environmental stimuli to reorient the patient.
 Correct Answer: B
 Rationale: A comprehensive physical assessment is crucial to
identify any underlying causes of acute confusion, such as infection,
hypoglycemia, or electrolyte imbalance.
2. When caring for an elderly patient who has difficulty swallowing
(dysphagia), which intervention is most appropriate to reduce the
risk of aspiration?
 A. Encourage the patient to drink fluids quickly.
 B. Thicken liquids and encourage small, frequent sips.
 C. Offer the patient dry foods to stimulate saliva production.
 D. Position the patient in a supine position during meals.
 Correct Answer: B