Module 4-5 Quiz 1. A client is interested in learning about the risk factors for prostate cancer. Which factors does the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Family history of prostate cancer b. Smoking c. Obesity d. Advanced age e. Eating too much red meat f. Race Rationale with page number:1484 ch 72 iggy. Prostate cancer is caused by a number of factors. Advanced age is the leading risk factor. The risk increases for men who have a firstdegree relative (brother, father) with the disease. Other risk factors that may play a role are eating a diet high in animal fat (e.g., red meat) and refined carbohydrates or having a low fiber intake. Men who have had a vasectomy or those who were exposed to environmental toxins, such as arsenic, may also be at increased risk for the disease. African Americans are most at risk. 2. A client is diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. The client asks the nurse the purpose of his treatment with the luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist leuprolide (Lupron) and the bisphosphonate pamidronate (Aredia). Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? a. “The treatment reduces testosterone and prevents bone fractures.” b. “The medications prevent erectile dysfunction and increase libido.” c. “There is less gynecomastia and osteoporosis with this drug regimen.” d. “These medications both inhibit tumor progression by blocking androgens.” Rationale with page number: pg 1485 iggy. Examples of LH-RH agonists are leuprolide (Lupron), goserelin (Zoladex), and triptorelin (Trelstar). These drugs first stimulate the pituitary gland to release the luteinizing hormone (LH). After about 3 weeks, the pituitary gland “runs out” of LH, which reduces testosterone production by the testes 3. A 55-year-old African-American client is having a visit with his health care provider. What test should the nurse discuss with the client as an option to screen for prostate cancer, even though screening is not routinely recommended? a. Complete blood count b. Culture and sensitivity c. Prostate-specific antigen d. Cystoscopy Rationale with page number: Iggy 72. page 1482. PSA is a glycoprotein produced by the prostate. PSA analysis is used as a screening test for prostate cancer. If the test is performed, it should be drawn before the DRE because the examination can cause an increase in PSA caused