1. A 58-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize? A. Administering bronchodilators B. Encouraging increased fluid intake C. Providing supplemental oxygen D. Teaching about smoking cessation Answer: C. Providing supplemental oxygen Rationale: During a COPD exacerbation, maintaining adequate oxygenation is critical. Supplemental oxygen should be prioritized to prevent hypoxemia. 2. A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a foot ulcer that is not healing. What is the most important factor the nurse should assess first? A. Blood glucose levels B. Nutritional status C. Sensation in the feet D. Skin integrity around the ulcer Answer: A. Blood glucose levels Rationale: Elevated blood glucose levels can impair wound healing. Controlling blood glucose is essential for the management of diabetic foot ulcers. 3. A nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage renal disease. Which dietary modification is most appropriate for this patient? A. High protein B. Low potassium C. Increased caloric intake D. Unrestricted fluids Answer: B. Low potassium Rationale: Patients with end-stage renal disease often have hyperkalemia due to decreased renal excretion of potassium. A low potassium diet is necessary to prevent complications. 4. A 65-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis reports increased joint pain. Which non-pharmacological intervention should the nurse suggest? A. Application of cold packs B. High-impact exercises