1. Which of the following terms refers to a section of DNA

that contains the instructions for building one or more

proteins?

a) Gene

b) Chromosome

c) Allele

d) Genome

Answer: a) Gene

Rationale: A gene is a specific segment of DNA that

provides the instructions for building proteins or functional

RNA molecules.

2. Which of the following is responsible for transferring

genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

a) Chromosome

b) Ribosome

c) RNA polymerase

d) Messenger RNA

Answer: d) Messenger RNA

Rationale: Messenger RNA (mRNA) is formed from a

DNA template during transcription and carries the genetic

information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.