1. A nurse is working in a community health center that serves

a diverse population of immigrants and refugees. The nurse

wants to provide culturally competent care to the clients.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a) Assume that the clients share the same beliefs and values as

the nurse.

b) Use an interpreter when communicating with clients who

have limited English proficiency.

c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices related to

health and illness.

d) Impose the nurse's own values and norms on the clients to

promote their well-being.

*Answer: c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices

related to health and illness.*

Rationale: Culturally competent care is based on respecting,

understanding, and responding to the diverse needs, values,

beliefs, and preferences of clients from different cultural

backgrounds. The nurse should avoid making assumptions,

stereotyping, or judging the clients based on their culture, and

should use appropriate communication strategies such as

interpreters or translators when needed.

2. A nurse is conducting a research study on the effectiveness

of a new intervention for chronic pain management. The nurse

has obtained informed consent from the participants and has

explained the purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits of the

study. The nurse also informs the participants that they have

the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any

negative consequences. Which ethical principle is the nurse

demonstrating?