1. A 78-year-old patient with a history of chronic heart failure is prescribed a new medication. Which of the following considerations is most important when prescribing? - A) The patient's age and potential for decreased renal clearance. - B) The cost-effectiveness of the medication. - C) The medication's formulary status. - D) The patient's preference for medication administration. Answer: A) The patient's age and potential for decreased renal clearance. Rationale: Elderly patients often have reduced renal function, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications, necessitating dosage adjustments to avoid toxicity. 2. When prescribing a medication for a pediatric patient, which of the following factors must be taken into account for dosage determination? - A) Weight and body surface area. - B) The child's favorite flavor. - C) The availability of the drug in liquid form. - D) The parent's understanding of the drug. Answer: A) Weight and body surface area. Rationale: Pediatric dosing often relies on the child's weight and body surface area to ensure safe and effective drug levels. 3. A patient presents with a severe allergic reaction to a medication. What is the prescriber's best immediate action? - A) Prescribe an alternative medication. - B) Order a complete blood count. - C) Administer an antihistamine and/or corticosteroid. - D) Refer the patient to an allergist. Answer: C) Administer an antihistamine and/or corticosteroid. Rationale: Immediate management of a severe allergic reaction includes the administration of antihistamines and corticosteroids to reduce symptoms. 4. Which of the following is a legal requirement when prescribing controlled substances? - A) Obtaining a verbal consent from the patient