1. A 75-year-old woman with hypertension and diabetes

visits her primary care provider for a routine check-up. She

reports feeling tired, depressed, and lonely since her

husband passed away six months ago. She has lost interest

in her hobbies and social activities. She also complains of

poor sleep quality and appetite. What is the most

appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?

a) Chronic sorrow

b) Social isolation

c) Ineffective coping

d) Risk for suicide

Answer: c) Ineffective coping

Rationale: Ineffective coping is defined as the inability to

manage stressors that affect one's well-being. This patient

is experiencing multiple stressors, such as bereavement,

chronic illness, and aging, that may impair her ability to

cope effectively. Chronic sorrow, social isolation, and risk

for suicide are potential outcomes of ineffective coping, but

not the primary problem.

2. A 65-year-old man with a history of smoking and

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted

to the hospital with an acute exacerbation of his condition.

He has difficulty breathing, wheezes, and coughs up yellow

sputum. He is prescribed oxygen therapy, bronchodilators,

antibiotics, and steroids. What are some nursing

interventions to promote healthy aging for this patient?

a) Encourage smoking cessation and provide nicotine