NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK 2023-2024 COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)

NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM AND

TEST BANK 2023-2024 COMPLETE 400

QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED

ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY

GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)

NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM

1. It is true that a eukaryotic cell:

○ Is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.

○ Contains structures called organelles.

○ Lacks a well-defined nucleus.

○ Does not contain histones.

Eukaryotes are large, have membrane-bound intracellular compartments called organelles, has

a well defined nucleus, and have histones.

2. The function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular:

○ Division

○ Movement

○ Activities

○ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding

These proteins bind DNA and are involved in supercoiling of DNA.

3. An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is referred to as

a/an:

○ Golgi complex

○ Mitochondrion

○ Endoplasmic reticulum

○ Nucleolus

Organelle found in large numbers and is responsible for cellular respiration and energy

production. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that codes for enzymes needed for oxidative

phosphorylation.

4. Which statement best describes a desmosome?

○ A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.

○ Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.

○ A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.

○ Desmosomes function as a zona occludens.

Desmosomes hold cells together by forming either continuous bands or belts of epithelial sheets

or button-like points of contact. Desmosomes also act as a system of braces to maintain

structural stability.

5. Which statement describes the function of a second messenger?

○ Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors

○ Intracellular enzyme that once will trigger a cascade of intracellular events

○ Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell membrane

○ Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal

Transferring signal to an intracellular messenger, which in turn triggers a cascade of

biochemical events within the cell. Second messengers are generated in large numbers when

the membrane-bound enzyme is activated, and they then rapidly diffuse away from their source,

broadcasting the signal throughout the cell.

6. Which statement is correct regarding cellular energy?

○ Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.

○ Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine triphosphate

(ATP).

○ Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.

○ Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by which the

energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP.

7. Movement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low

concentration is called:

○ Diffusion

○ Filtration

○ Osmosis

○ Hydrostatic pressure

Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute concentration to

an area of lesser solute concentration. Filtration is the movement of water and solutes through

a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure on one side of the membrane than on the

other side. Hydrostatic pressure is the mechanical force of water against cellular membranes.

Osmosis is the movement of water “down” a concentration gradient, across a semipermeable

membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.

8. Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?

○ Anabolism

○ Catabolism

○ Substrate-induced reaction

○ Second messenger system

Catabolism is the energy-releasing process of cellular metabolism. Anabolism is the energyusing process of cellular metabolism.

9. Which of the following describes the term chemotaxis?

○ Uses the second messenger system

○ Cellular signal affecting the cell of origin

○ Movement of cells along a chemical gradient

○ Ligands bind with receptors, triggering a second reaction