1. What are the main differences between transactional and transformational leadership styles in

nursing? (5 marks)

- Transactional leadership focuses on tasks, rewards, and punishments, while transformational

leadership focuses on vision, values, and empowerment.

- Transactional leadership is more suitable for stable and predictable environments, while

transformational leadership is more suitable for dynamic and complex environments.

- Transactional leadership relies on external motivation, while transformational leadership relies on

intrinsic motivation.

- Transactional leadership emphasizes compliance and control, while transformational leadership

emphasizes commitment and collaboration.

- Transactional leadership is more leader-centered, while transformational leadership is more

follower-centered.

2. What are the four components of emotional intelligence (EI) and why are they important for nurse

leaders? (4 marks)

- The four components of EI are self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship

management.

- Self-awareness is the ability to recognize and understand one's own emotions, strengths,

weaknesses, values, and motives. It is important for nurse leaders because it helps them to be

authentic, confident, and ethical.

- Self-management is the ability to regulate one's own emotions, impulses, and behaviors. It is

important for nurse leaders because it helps them to cope with stress, adapt to change, and handle

challenges.

- Social awareness is the ability to empathize and understand the emotions, needs, and concerns of

others. It is important for nurse leaders because it helps them to communicate effectively, build

rapport, and foster trust.

- Relationship management is the ability to influence and inspire others, manage conflict, and

collaborate with diverse teams. It is important for nurse leaders because it helps them to achieve

goals, resolve problems, and create positive work environments.

3. What are the five core competencies of interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and how can nurse

leaders promote them in their teams? (5 marks)

- The five core competencies of IPC are values/ethics, roles/responsibilities, communication,

teamwork, and learning/reflection.

- Values/ethics refers to respecting and appreciating the diverse perspectives, values, and cultures of

other health professionals and patients. Nurse leaders can promote this by modeling respect,

inclusivity, and ethical decision-making in their practice.

- Roles/responsibilities refers to understanding and appreciating the unique contributions, scopes of

practice, and accountabilities of other health professionals and patients. Nurse leaders can promote