Test 3
Risk factors related to elevated cholesterol
• Obesity
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Family history:
o Coronary heart disease prior to age 55
o Hyperlipidemia
o Diabetes
Tetralogy of Fallot what is it, what are clinical findings
• Cyanosis: caused by blood low in oxygen
• Shortness of breath and rapid breathing, especially during feeding or exercise.
• Loss of consciousness
• Clubbing of fingers and toes
• Poor weight gain, delayed growth
• Polycythemia, metabolic acidosis
• Systolic murmur at 2nd left ICS & holosystolic murmur at LLSB
What criteria would you have to consider inpatient admission in a patient with pneumonia
• Infants less than 4 months old
• Infant with poor feeding, grunting, O2 saturation <92>70
• Older child with grunting, inability to tolerate oral intake, oxygen saturation ≤ 92 percent, respiratory
rate > 50 breaths per minute
• Any age: Comorbidities (e.g., chronic lung disease, asthma, unrepaired or incompletely repaired
congenital heart disease, diabetes mellitus, neuromuscular disease)
Visual acuity of a 2-month-old
• Vision is 20/400
• Fix and follow objects
Viral conjunctivitis: what is it, how treated, clinical findings on exam
• Etiology: Adenovirus is the most common cause. Other causes: HSV, herpes zoster, and varicella
• Symptoms:
o Watery discharge (profuse and clear), foreign body sensation, redness
o URI symptoms are common including sore throat and fever
o Itchy conjunctiva and swollen eye lids
o Often bilateral
• Clinical findings:
o Normal visual acuity, PERRLA, EOMI, Fund normal
o Mucoid-profuse watery discharge
o Mild, diffuse injection and itching
o *Preauricular lymphadenopathy
• Treatment:
o Symptomatic only
o Warm or Cool compresses
o Strict eye hygiene
Patient with elevated BP (stage 1) during initial visit
• Repeat in 1-2 weeks and average the BP over 3 visits
Asthma is disruptive several times during the night/interrupting sleep at least 3 times a week
• Use/prescribe an inhaled steroid (Flovent, Asmanex, etc.)
Causative organism of bronchiolitis
• Respiratory syncytial virus most likely cause
Treatment for prehypertension seen in a patient on initial visit
• Monitor blood pressure over the next three visits
• Encourage healthy lifestyle choices.
Murmur with change (decrease) in intensity when patient moves from supine to standing position
• Innocent (benign) murmur
o Heard in up to 50% of children
o No radiation
o Systolic
o Grade o Does not interfere with S1 & S2 o Decreases with sitting and standing o Equal femoral and radial pulses o Normal PMI Symptoms of croup • Barking cough • Fever • URI symptoms Bronchiolitis: • inspiratory and expiratory wheezing accompanied by: o fever o URI symptoms including profuse clear nasal discharge When to use inhaler to treat exercise induced asthma • asthma triggered by exercise, short-acting inhalers can make activities that need extra lung power more doable • Use rescue inhaler 15-30 minute prior to activity Kawasaki disease: • Idiopathic multisystem disease characterized by asculitis of small and medium blood vessels including coronary arteries • 75% diagnoses are <5> • More common in boys • More common in winter and early spring • Viral etiology • Non-contagious
Category | NURS EXAM |
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