1. What are the main principles of community based management? Explain how they differ from conventional management approaches. - Community based management is a participatory approach that involves the local community in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of health interventions. It is based on the principles of empowerment, ownership, partnership, sustainability and equity. Conventional management approaches are often top-down, centralized and standardized, and may not reflect the needs, preferences and capacities of the local community. 2. What are some of the benefits and challenges of community based management for health promotion? - Some of the benefits of community based management are: it can increase community awareness, engagement and empowerment; it can improve the quality, accessibility and acceptability of health services; it can foster social cohesion, trust and collaboration; it can enhance local capacity and resilience; and it can contribute to health equity and social justice. Some of the challenges of community based management are: it can be time-consuming, resource-intensive and complex; it can face resistance from stakeholders who have vested interests or different agendas; it can encounter difficulties in coordination, communication and accountability; it can suffer from lack of skills, knowledge and support; and it can face ethical, cultural and political dilemmas. 3. What are some of the key steps in designing and implementing a community based management project? Give an example of each step. - Some of the key steps in designing and implementing a community based management project are: - Assessing the situation: This involves collecting and analyzing data on the health problem, the community context, the existing resources and the potential partners. - Identifying the objectives: This involves defining the specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and timebound goals of the project. - Planning the activities: This involves selecting the appropriate strategies, methods and tools to achieve the objectives, as well as allocating roles, responsibilities and resources. - Executing the plan: This involves carrying out the activities according to the plan, while ensuring quality, safety and ethics. - Monitoring and evaluating the progress: This involves collecting and analyzing data on the outputs, outcomes and impacts of the project, as well as identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. - Reporting and disseminating the results: This involves communicating and sharing the findings, lessons learned and recommendations with the stakeholders, beneficiaries and wider audience. 4. What are some of the indicators that can be used to measure the effectiveness of community based management? Give an example of each type of indicator. - Indicators are quantitative or qualitative measures that can be used to monitor and evaluate the performance of a project. There are different types of indicators, such as: - Input indicators: These measure the resources that are invested in a project, such as funds, staff,