 Question 1 

1 out of 1 points

The culture and sensitivity testing of a patient's wound exudate indicates that a specific 

antibiotic is necessary for treatment. The United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary 

indicates that the drug in question is 96% protein bound. What are the implications of this 

fact?

Response 

Feedback: 

A drug that is 96% protein bound has only 4% of ingested molecules free and 

active, a fact that is likely to necessitate a high dose of the drug. This does 

not result in rapid absorption and/or excretion and does not indicate a need 

for increased protein intake.

 Question 2 

1 out of 1 points

During a clinic visit, a patient complains of having frequent muscle cramps in her legs. The 

nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has been taking over-the-counter laxatives for the 

past 7 years. The nurse informed the patient that prolonged use of laxatives

Response 

Feedback: 

Long-term intake of laxatives, antidepressants, and antibiotics has been found 

to deprive a person of most essential nutrients, such as vitamins. Prolonged 

use of laxatives is not known to turn urine acidic, cause urinary tract 

infections, counter the effect of other drugs, or inhibit the biotransformation 

of drugs.

 Question 3 

1 out of 1 points

A patient with a recent diagnosis of acute renal failure has a long-standing seizure disorder 

which has been successfully controlled for several years with antiseizure medications. The 

nurse should recognize that the patient's compromised renal function will likely

Response 

Feedback: 

Impaired renal function will increase the half-life of drugs that are 

metabolized by the kidneys. This does not necessarily render such 

medications ineffective and it does not decrease the first-pass effect. IV 

administration will not compensate for the patient's impaired renal function.

 Question 4 

1 out of 1 points

A patient has been prescribed several drugs and fluids to be given intravenously. Before the 

nurse starts the intravenous administration, a priority assessment of the patient will be to note 

the

Response 

Feedback: 

Baseline body weight and height, heart rate, and blood pressure are all 

important considerations during the assessment of a patient. However, if a 

patient has to be given drugs intravenously, it is important to inspect the skin 

for rashes, moles, or sores, so those areas can be avoided as an insertion or 

injection site.

 Question 5 

1 out of 1 points

A nurse is caring for a patient who has had part of her small intestine removed due to cancer. 

She has also now developed hypertension and has been prescribed a new medication to 

decrease her blood pressure. While planning the patient's care, the nurse should consider a 

possible alteration in which of the following aspects of pharmacokinetics?

Response 

Feedback: 

Because absorption takes place mostly in the small intestine, there could be 

possible alterations with this process. Distribution takes place in the blood 

vessels; metabolism in the liver; and elimination via the kidneys. Because 

these systems are not affected by her surgery, these phases of 

pharmacokinetics would not be altered.

 Question 6 

1 out of 1 points

A patient who has been admitted to the hospital for a mastectomy has stated that she has 

experienced adverse drug effects at various times during her life. Which of the following 

strategies should the nurse prioritize in order to minimize the potential of adverse drug effects 

during the patient's stay in the hospital?

Response 

Feedback: 

In an effort to minimize the potential of adverse drug effects, it is necessary 

to closely monitor the patient. It would be inappropriate for the nurse to alter 

the route or frequency of administration or to encourage herbal remedies that 

also carry the potential for adverse effects.

 Question 7 

1 out of 1 points

A home health nurse notes that there have been changes to a patient's oral drug regimen. The 

nurse will closely monitor the new drug regimen to

Response 

Feedback: 

Changes in the drug regimen may cause changes in drug absorption and 

thereby decrease the anticipated drug effect. This decrease is due to the 

prevention of binding and loss of absorption and overall drug effectiveness. A 

change in the drug regimen would not help a nurse to track the route of 

metabolism or determine the speed of chelation. If any adverse effect were to 

occur as a result of a drug regimen change, it would not necessarily be 

immunotoxicity; it could also be nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, or cardiotoxicity.

 Question 8 

1 out of 1 points

A patient is treated with an antibiotic for an infection in his leg. After 2 days of taking the 

antibiotic, the patient calls the clinic and reports that he has a rash all over his body. The 

nurse is aware that a rash can be an adverse effect of an antibiotic and can be either a 

biologic, chemical, or physiologic action of the drug, which is an example of

Response 

Feedback: 

Pharmacodynamics is the biologic, chemical, and physiologic actions of a 

particular drug within the body and the study of how those actions occur, 

including adverse effects. It is how the drug affects the body. The 

pharmacodynamics of a drug is responsible for its therapeutic effects and 

sometimes its adverse effects. Pharmacotherapeutics refers to the desired, 

therapeutic effect of the drug. Pharmacokinetics is the changes that occur to 

the drug while it is inside the body. Pharmacogenetics is the study of how 

genetic variables affect the pharmacodynamics of a drug in a specific patient.

 Question 9 

1 out of 1 points

A patient has been prescribed 1 mg lorazepam (Ativan) sublingual prior to the scheduled 

insertion of a peripherally inserted central (PIC) line. How should the nurse direct the patient 

when administering this medication?

Response 

Feedback: 

Sublingual tablets are placed under the tongue where they dissolve and are 

absorbed into the bloodstream. Swallowing the pill may render it less 

effective, but is not unsafe. It is not recommended to chew and hold 

sublingual medications nor to hold them in the mouth for length of time