1. A 65-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension, diabetes and

smoking is admitted to the hospital with chest pain and shortness of

breath. He is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is

scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Which of the

following nursing interventions is most appropriate for this patient before

the procedure?

a) Administer oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerin and morphine as prescribed.

b) Monitor vital signs, cardiac rhythm and oxygen saturation

continuously.

c) Educate the patient about the procedure, risks and benefits, and obtain

informed consent.

d) All of the above.*

Rationale: The patient with AMI needs immediate treatment to restore

blood flow to the ischemic myocardium and prevent further damage.

Oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerin and morphine are given to reduce the

oxygen demand of the heart, prevent platelet aggregation, dilate the

coronary arteries and relieve pain. Vital signs, cardiac rhythm and oxygen

saturation are monitored to assess the patient's hemodynamic status and

detect any complications such as arrhythmias, hypotension or hypoxia.

Education and informed consent are essential to ensure that the patient

understands the procedure and its risks and benefits, and agrees to undergo

it.

2. A 50-year-old female patient with a history of migraine headaches is

admitted to the hospital with sudden onset of severe headache, nausea,

vomiting and photophobia. She is diagnosed with subarachnoid

hemorrhage (SAH) due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Which of the

following nursing interventions is most appropriate for this patient during

the acute phase?

a) Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees and maintain a quiet and dark

environment.

b) Administer antihypertensive, anticonvulsant and analgesic medications

as prescribed.

c) Monitor neurological status, vital signs, intracranial pressure (ICP) and

fluid balance frequently.

d) All of the above.*

Rationale: The patient with SAH needs to be managed in a way tha