1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has terminal cancer and is in severe

pain. The patient asks the nurse to administer a lethal dose of morphine to

end his suffering. The nurse believes that euthanasia is morally wrong and

refuses to do so. Which ethical principle is the nurse following?

a) Beneficence

b) Nonmaleficence

c) Autonomy

d) Fidelity*

Rationale: Fidelity is the ethical principle of being faithful to one's

commitments and promises. The nurse is respecting the professional code

of ethics and the legal regulations that prohibit euthanasia.

2. A nurse is working in a public health clinic that provides free

vaccinations for children. The nurse notices that some parents refuse to

vaccinate their children due to religious or personal beliefs. The nurse

thinks that vaccination is essential for preventing diseases and protecting

the community. Which ethical dilemma is the nurse facing?

a) Justice vs. autonomy*

b) Beneficence vs. nonmaleficence

c) Veracity vs. confidentiality

d) Fidelity vs. justice

Rationale: Justice is the ethical principle of treating people fairly and

equally. Autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting people's right to

make their own decisions. The nurse is torn between promoting public

health and honoring parental choice.

3. A nurse is conducting a research study on the effectiveness of a new

drug for hypertension. The nurse obtains informed consent from the

participants and explains the potential risks and benefits of the study. The

nurse also ensures that the participants can withdraw from the study at any

time without any negative consequences. Which ethical principle is the

nurse demonstrating?

a) Beneficence

b) Nonmaleficence

c) Autonomy*

d) Fidelity

Rationale: Autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting people's right to