1.A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed rapid-acting insulin before

meals. The nurse knows that this type of insulin has which of the

following characteristics?

 - A) It starts to work within 15 minutes after injection and peaks in about

1 hour.

 - B) It starts to work within 30 minutes after injection and peaks at 2 to 3

hours.

 - C) It starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks in 8

hours.

 - D) It starts to work several hours after injection and works for about 24

hours.

 - Answer: A) It starts to work within 15 minutes after injection and peaks

in about 1 hour.

 - Rationale: Rapid-acting insulin is the fastest acting type of insulin,

which is suitable for controlling blood sugar levels during meal times. It

has a short duration of action, so it needs to be taken close to the time of

eating.

2.A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed a pre-mixed insulin that

contains both short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin. The nurse

instructs the patient to inject the insulin how many times per day?

 - A) Once, in the morning.

 - B) Twice, before breakfast and dinner.

 - C) Three times, before each main meal.

 - D) Four times, before each main meal and at bedtime.

 - Answer: B) Twice, before breakfast and dinner.

 - Rationale: Pre-mixed insulin is a combination of two different types of

insulin that can control blood sugar levels at meals and between meals. It

is usually taken twice a day, before breakfast and dinner, to cover the

periods of highest blood sugar levels.

- A patient with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the hospital with diabetic

ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse expects that the patient will receive which

type of insulin through intravenous (IV) infusion?

 - A) Rapid-acting insulin

 - B) Short-acting insulin