1. A pregnant woman at 32 weeks of gestation is diagnosed with preeclampsia. She is admitted to the hospital for close monitoring and

treatment. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for

this woman?

a) Administer magnesium sulfate intravenously to prevent seizures.

b) Induce labor with oxytocin to deliver the baby as soon as possible.

c) Perform a cesarean section to avoid the risk of placental abruption.

d) Give antihypertensive drugs to lower the blood pressure and reduce the

proteinuria.

*Answer: a) Administer magnesium sulfate intravenously to prevent

seizures.*

Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for preventing and

treating eclamptic seizures in women with pre-eclampsia. It also has a

mild antihypertensive effect and may reduce the risk of cerebral edema

and hemorrhage. Inducing labor or performing a cesarean section may be

necessary if the condition worsens or if there are signs of fetal distress, but

they are not the first-line interventions. Antihypertensive drugs may be

used to lower the blood pressure, but they do not prevent seizures or

improve the outcome of pre-eclampsia.

2. A woman in labor is experiencing severe back pain due to an occiput

posterior position of the fetus. Which of the following nursing actions is

most likely to relieve her pain and facilitate the rotation of the fetal head?

a) Encourage her to walk around and change positions frequently.

b) Apply counterpressure to her sacrum with a tennis ball or a fist.

c) Perform a sterile vaginal examination to assess the progress of labor.

d) Administer an epidural anesthesia to block the pain signals from the

lower back.

*Answer: b) Apply counterpressure to her sacrum with a tennis ball or a

fist.*

Rationale: Applying counterpressure to the sacrum can help relieve the

back pain caused by an occiput posterior position and may also stimulate

the fetal head to rotate to an anterior position. Walking and changing

positions may also help, but they are not as effective as counterpressure. A

sterile vaginal examination may be indicated to assess the dilation and

station of the cervix, but it does not relieve pain or facilitate rotation.

Epidural anesthesia may provide pain relief, but it may also interfere with