PEDIATRIC NURSING EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 UPDATE
 family apgar score: Brief screening tool that is designed to assess
satisfaction with family functioning.
 sensorimotor period: In Piaget's theory, the period of cognitive development
from birth to about 2 years in which the child has not yet achieved object
perma- nence. Babies learn primarily from their senses and their own actions
(cause and effect) and display stranger anxiety. Sense of self is directly
related to having needs met. No concept of death.
 preoperational thought: Piaget's second stage of cognitive development,
occur- ring from ages 2 through 7, as the child learns language, symbolic
play, and symbolic drawing, but does not grasp abstract concepts, such as
conservation (big cup vs small cup with same volume). The child represents
ideas through words and images. Children in this phase are egocentric.
 concrete operations: Piaget's stage in which children learn such concepts
as conservation and mathematical transformations; about 7 - 11 years of
age