1st gen: diphenhydramine

2nd gen: Loratadine

Used for nasal congestion, mild allergic reactions, and motion sickness

Blocks histamine release which helps reduce mucous secretion

With 2nd gen - less side effects

Side effects with 1st gen: anticholinergic effects and sedation

2. Nasal glucocorticoids

Mometasone (fluticasone, triamcinolone, budesonide)

Used for rhinitis; decreases inflammation in nasal passages

Side effects: burning, headache, sore throat

3. Loop diuretics

Furosemide 

Blocks re-absorption of sodium and water at ascending loop of henle causing rapid diuresis. 

Used for pulmonary edema, heart failure, and hypertension

Side effects: hypotension, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia, ototoxicity, dehydration and hypergllycemia

Administered in the morning or during day, not at night

Infuse IV at 20 mg/min

Weigh daily

Monitor I&Os

Watch electrolyte labs

Encourage high potassium foods

4. Thiazide Diuretics

Hydroclorothiazide

Blocks re-absorption of water and sodium at distal convoluted tubule. 

Used for Hypertension, edema

side effects: dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia

Admin during day, \