1. Which of the following best defines the term "civil litigation"? A. The process of resolving disputes between private parties through the court system B. The process of resolving criminal matters through the court system C. The process of resolving disputes between private parties outside of court D. The process of resolving administrative law disputes Answer: A. The process of resolving disputes between private parties through the court system Rationale: Civil litigation refers to the process of resolving disputes between private parties (individuals, companies, etc.) through the court system. 2. Which of the following is NOT a common type of civil litigation case? A. Personal injury B. Breach of contract C. Criminal prosecution D. Property disputes Answer: C. Criminal prosecution Rationale: Criminal prosecution is not considered civil litigation, as it involves the government prosecuting individuals for violating criminal laws. 3. In civil litigation, the party who initiates a lawsuit is known as the: A. Plaintiff B. Defendant C. Prosecutor D. Witness Answer: A. Plaintiff Rationale: The plaintiff is the party who initiates a lawsuit by filing a complaint or petition in court.