1. What is the primary mechanism by which gene-drug interactions influence psychotropic medication efficacy? - A) Alteration of drug metabolism - B) Modification of drug target sites - C) Changes in drug transportation - D) Variation in drug excretion Answer: A) Alteration of drug metabolism Rationale: Gene-drug interactions often affect the enzymes involved in the metabolism of medications, which can alter the efficacy and toxicity of psychotropic drugs. 2. Which genetic variation is most commonly associated with altered response to antidepressants? - A) CYP2D6 - B) HTR2A - C) COMT - D) BDNF Answer: A) CYP2D6 Rationale: The CYP2D6 enzyme is involved in the metabolism of many antidepressants, and genetic variations can lead to poor, intermediate, extensive, or ultra-rapid metabolism, affecting drug response. 3. In the context of psychogenomics, what does the term 'heritability' refer to? - A) The proportion of observed variation in a particular trait among individuals that is due to genetic differences. - B) The ability of a gene to be passed from one generation to the next. - C) The likelihood of developing a mental health disorder if a family member has it. - D) The genetic similarity between family members