A project team is in the process of estimating the types and quantities of resources required to perform each activity. Which of the following activities will NOT be done by the team during this process? A. Estimate the type and quantity of resource required to perform each activity B. Go through the past data and lessons learned from previous projects C. Study the organization policies and procedures regarding staffing D. Identify and show network dependency in the project activities - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION The project team is in the process of Estimating Activity Resources, and the activities provided as options (b) and (c) are done as part of this process. Option (d), which involves creating a schedule network diagram to display project schedule activities and logical relationship between them, is part of the Sequence Activities process. During the initiating stage, which of the following elements will be identified to meet the project goals? A. Key deliverable B. Stakeholders C. Quality D. Vendors - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION Even though the identification of stakeholders and potential sellers happens as part of initiating phase through the "identify stakeholders" process, this will not help to meet the project goals. Key deliverables help in meeting the project goals. Quality identification happens during planning. A car manufacturing company conceptualized a new car that will be more fuel efficient, ergonomically designed, and that satisfies the latest safety regulations. This car was recently launched and has now moved into full-fledged production. This is an example of: A. Operation, as the company is into car manufacturing, which is an ongoing process B. Project, as this car was conceptualized, designed, and has now been launched C. Project, as it has clear scope and requirements in terms of safety compliance, fuel efficiency, etc. D. Operation, as this activity didn't create a unique product - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION This is a typical scenario where project intersects with operation during product life cycle. Notice the word launched. All the activities before launch of the vehicle are part of a project, which is a temporary activity with a well-defined unique output. Once the car moves to production, it becomes an ongoing operation for the company. When is the cost highest in the project life cycle? A. At the initiating phase B. During planning C. Midway during the project D. During closure - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Project cost peaks in the middle of the project as maximum resources are utilized during this phase. Project cost is low at the beginning, peaks midway, and drops rapidly as the project draws to an end. Initiating, planning, and closing are not part of the project life cycle and are process groups. As a part of Stakeholder Management, a Project Manager can follow all of these management practices, EXCEPT: A. Identify all the stakeholders and capture them in the project team directory B. Ensure that stakeholders' expectations are met and gain support for the project C. Give preference to stakeholders over customers in case of conflict of interest D. Communicate all relevant information about the project to stakeholders - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION In case of conflict of interest, it should generally be resolved in favor of the customer or organization who would use the project's product or service. After a high-level management meeting, the manager chairing the meeting asks the Project Manager to document and communicate the action items to all the stakeholders. The Project Manager is part of a ______________ organization structure. A. Balanced Matrix B. Weak Matrix C. Strong Matrix D. Tight Matrix - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The Project Manager is part of a weak matrix organization and is playing the role of project expeditor. The project expeditor acts primarily as staff assistant and communication coordinator. The expeditor personally cannot make or enforce decisions. Which of the following activities is part of the initiating phase? A. Develop stakeholder management plan