1. A patient with damage to the amygdala shows impaired

fear conditioning, but normal declarative memory. This

suggests that the amygdala is involved in:

a) implicit memory

b) explicit memory

c) working memory

d) episodic memory

*Answer: a) implicit memory*

Rationale: Implicit memory is the type of memory that

does not require conscious awareness or verbalization, such

as fear conditioning. Explicit memory is the type of

memory that involves conscious recall of facts and events,

such as declarative memory. Working memory is the type

of memory that holds and manipulates information for a

short period of time, such as mental arithmetic. Episodic

memory is the type of memory that involves personal

experiences and events, such as autobiographical memory.

2. A patient with damage to the hippocampus shows

impaired declarative memory, but normal procedural

memory. This suggests that the hippocampus is involved

in:

a) implicit memory

*b) explicit memory*

c) working memory

d) episodic memory

*Answer: b) explicit memory*

Rationale: Explicit memory is the type of memory that