1. What are the three main domains of developmental processes during

adolescence? Explain each domain briefly and provide an example of how

they interact with each other.

- The three main domains are physical, cognitive, and psychosocial

development. Physical development refers to the changes in the body,

such as growth, puberty, and brain maturation. Cognitive development

refers to the changes in thinking, reasoning, and decision-making abilities.

Psychosocial development refers to the changes in identity, relationships,

emotions, and values. These domains interact with each other in complex

ways, influencing and being influenced by each other. For example,

physical changes can affect cognitive performance, self-esteem, and peer

acceptance; cognitive changes can affect moral reasoning, academic

achievement, and career choices; and psychosocial changes can affect

coping skills, mental health, and civic engagement.

2. What is the difference between self-concept and self-esteem? How do

they develop during adolescence?

- Self-concept is the cognitive aspect of one's identity, or how one

describes oneself in terms of attributes, roles, and goals. Self-esteem is the

affective aspect of one's identity, or how one evaluates oneself in terms of

worthiness, competence, and attractiveness. Both self-concept and selfesteem develop during adolescence as a result of multiple factors, such as

feedback from others, social comparisons, personal achievements, and

cultural norms. Generally, self-concept becomes more differentiated,

integrated, and realistic; and self-esteem becomes more stable, but also

more vulnerable to fluctuations.

3. What are the four identity statuses proposed by James Marcia? What

are the two dimensions that underlie them? Give an example of each

status.

- The four identity statuses are identity diffusion, identity foreclosure