ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) - answerAmendments to Americans with Disabilities Act covering the definition of individuals regarded as having a disability, mitigating measures, and other rules of construction to guide the analysis of what constitutes a disability. ADDIE model - answerFive-step instructional design process that governs the development of learning programs. Adverse impact - answerType of discrimination that results when a neutral policy has a discriminatory effect; also known as disparate impact. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) - answerAct that prohibits discrimination in employment for persons age 40 and over. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) - answerUmbrella term used to describe a number of problem-solving and grievance resolution approaches. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - answerAct that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability. Analytics - answerTools that convert metrics to be used for decision support by adding context or further subclassifying comparison groups. Andragogy - answerStudy of how adults learn. Applicant tracking software (ATS) - answerSoftware that provides an automated way for organizations to manage the recruiting process. Apprenticeship - answerRelates to technical skills training; often a partnership between employers and unions. Arbitration - answerProcedure in which disputes are submitted to one or more impartial persons for final determination. Assessment centers - answerAssessment tools that provide candidates a wide range of leadership situations and problem-solving exercises. Assignees - answerEmployees who work outside their home countries. At-will employment - answerCommon-law principle stating that employers have the right to hire, fire, demote, and promote whomever they choose for any reason unless there is a law or contract to the contrary and employees have the right to quit a job at any time. Auditory learners - answerPeople who learn best by relying on their sense of hearing. Balanced scorecard - answerMeasurement approach that provides an overall picture of an organization's performance as measured against goals in finance, customers, internal business processes, and learning and growth. Balance sheet - answerStatement that reports the financial position of the organization at a specific point in time; shows assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity. Behavioral interview - answerType of interview that focuses on how applicants previously handled real situations. Benchmarking - answerProcess that compares performance levels and/or processes of one entity with those of another to identify performance gaps and set goals aimed at improving performance. Benefits - answerPayments or services provided to employees to cover issues such as retirement, health coverage, sick pay/disability schemes, life insurance, and paid time off. Bias - answerOccurs when an appraiser's values, beliefs, or prejudices distort performance ratings. Big data - answerHigh-volume, high-velocity, and high-variety information assets that require innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making. Blended learning - answerPlanned approach to learning that includes a combination of instructor-led training, self-directed study, and/or on-the-job training. Blogs - answerBroadcast-style communications that enable authors to publish articles, opinions, product or service reviews, etc., on a web page. Blue ocean strategies - answerStrategies that create competitive advantage by creating a new marketplace arena in which there are no other competitors. Bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) - answerSituation in which religion, sex, or national origin is reasonably necessary to carrying out a particular job function in the normal operations of an organization. Brain drain - answerExit of educated and skilled citizens from emerging and developing countries for better-paying jobs in developed countries. Broadbanding - answerCombining several salary grades or job classifications with narrow pay ranges into one band with a wider salary spread. Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth - answerCourt ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not.