Chapter 1 LEARNING OUTCOMES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. List the leading causes of death in the United States and identify those that may be related to lifestyle factors, including diet and/or physical activity. 2. Explain the importance of genetics, diet, and physical activity in the determination of optimal health and successful sport performance. 3. Describe the components of health-related fitness and identify the potential health benefits associated with each. 4. Compare and contrast sports-related fitness and health-related fitness. 5. Summarize the seven key principles of exercise training. 6. Explain the importance of diet choices and proper nutrition in promoting optimal health and wellness. 7. Summarize the role of dietary supplements as ergogenic aids to promote sports performance. 8. Explain nutrition and health misinformation and provide strategies that can be utilized to determine whether claims regarding a dietary supplement are valid. 9. Explain what types of research have been used to evaluate the relationship between nutrition and health or sport performance and evaluate the pros and cons of each type. KEY TERMS M S antipromoters cytokines doping epidemiological research epigenetics epigenome ergogenic aids exercise experimental research health-related fitness high-intensity interval training (HIIT) malnutrition meta-analysis nutrient nutrition nutrition and health misinformation physical activity physical fitness promoters Prudent Healthy Diet risk factor Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS) sports nutrition sports-related fitness sports supplements structured physical activity