SUSTAINABILITY AND CLIMATE RISK GARP SCR EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 300 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

SUSTAINABILITY AND CLIMATE RISK GARP SCR EXAM

LATEST 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 REAL EXAM

QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

what are two pieces of indirect evidence that our planet is warming? -

ANSWER- 1 = ice on the planet is disappearing

2 = the oceans are warming

% of heat trapped by GHG that goes into heating the oceans -

ANSWER- 93%

what are the two causes of rising sea levels? - ANSWER- 1 = melting of

grounded ice

2 = water expands when it warms

five ways to extract climate information pre-modern measurements -

ANSWER- 1 = tree rings

2 = corals

3 = speleothems

4 = ice cores

5 = ocean sediment cores

tree rings - ANSWER- reveal climate variations in regions where trees

grow and experience seasons for the last millennium

corals - ANSWER- analysis of skeletons can yield climate conditions in

ocean over millions of years

speleothems - ANSWER- cave structures can yield estimates of climate

in nearby region over past few 100,000 years

ice cores - ANSWER- measuring chemical composition of ice (mainly

in Greenland and Antarctica) yields estimates of the climate over the

past 1M years

ocean sediment cores - ANSWER- analyzing composition of mud at the

bottom of the ocean provides information about the climate covering

10M+ years

what evidence do we have that for millions of years the climate has been

generally cooling? - ANSWER- 50M years ago, there was no permanent

ice on the planet

what are the periods of cold and warmer called that the planet cycles

through? - ANSWER- ice ages and interglacials

when did the last ice age end? - ANSWER- 10,000 years ago

holocene - ANSWER- current interglaciation period, extending from

10,000 years ago to the present on the geologic time scale

when did the temperature of the holocene peak? - ANSWER- 7,000

years ago

what is the global average temperature difference between an ice age

and an interglacial? - ANSWER- 6 C

how much faster is the average rate of warming over the last century, as

compared to coming out of the last ice age? - ANSWER- 16 times

what is the source of the earth's climate? - ANSWER- sun / visible

radiation

how much energy does the sun provide and what % of it is reflected

back into space by clouds? - ANSWER- 340 W/m^2

30% reflected back by clouds

what is the amount of energy radiated by an object determined by and

what is the relationship? - ANSWER- temperature

as temperature increases, energy radiation increases

most important rule of the earth's climate - ANSWER- energy reaching

earth from the sun must be equal to the energy the earth radiates back to

space

this determines the temperature of the climate system

greenhouse gases - ANSWER- gases in the atmosphere that absorb

infrared radiation (heat) and reduce the power of the earth to return

energy to space

greenhouse effect - ANSWER- as the mass of GHG in our atmosphere

increases, more heat is trapped, which leads to higher temperatures

list some non-problematic molecules in the atmosphere - ANSWERnitrogen, oxygen, inert gas argon

list some problematic molecules in the atmosphere - ANSWER- water

vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone

what is the primary cause of carbon dioxide in the environment and how

has this been scientifically proven? - ANSWER- combustion of fossil

fuels

we can tell by the isotopic composition of the atmosphere that the

majority of the CO2 is consistent with the isotopes produced via fossil

fuel combustion