Chapter 01: Health Status of Children: Global and National Perspectives MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which region globally has the highest infant mortality rate? a. Indonesia b. Southern Asia c. Sub-Saharan Africa d. Syria ANS: B Although Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia together account for 77% of the infant mortality rate globally, Southern Asia has the highest infant mortality rate (39%) in the world followed closely by Sub-Saharan Africa (38%). 2. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner understands that, to achieve the greatest world-wide reduction in child mortality from pneumonia and diarrhea, which intervention is most effective? a. Antibiotics b. Optimal nutrition c. Vaccinations d. Water purification ANS: C Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea globally and Strep pneumonia is the leading cause of pneumonia, and together these are the leading infectious causes of childhood morbidity and mortality globally. Both are vaccine-preventable diseases. Antibiotics to treat pneumonia, optimal nutrition, and clean water all help to reduce morbidity and mortality, but vaccination prevents the diseases from occurring. 3. Which statement correctly reflects the health status of children in the United States? a. Globalism has relatively little impact on child health measures in the U.S. b. Obesity rates among 2- to 5-year-olds have stabilized below Health People 2020 goal of 9.4%. c. The rate of hous