Test Bank for Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 8th Edition Grodner / All Chapters 1-20 / Full Complete

Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 8th Edition Grodner

Test Bank

Chapter 01: Wellness Nutrition

Grodner et al.: Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications: A Nursing

Approach, 8th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Examples of informal education include

a. attending a workshop on coronary artery disease sponsored by the American Heart

Association.

b. watching a television show about diabetes.

c. learning about food safety techniques in a high school economics course.

d. joining a support group to help overcome an eating disorder.

ANS: B

Watching a television show about diabetes is an example of informal education because it is

an experience that occurs through a daily activity. Attending a workshop or joining a support

group would be considered nonformal education; a high school course would be considered

formal education.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. A college student exercises regularly and generally eats a healthy variety of foods, is taking a

course in general nutrition, buys locally produced food whenever possible, is an active

member of an on-campus faith-based organization, and keeps a journal to help process her

emotions. What else could be important for her to include in her life in order to develop her

overall wellness?

a. Growing some of her own food

b. Keeping a food record to help evaluate what she eats

c. Eating meals with friends throughout the week

d. Meeting with a registered dietitian to review her food choices

ANS: C

Wellness enhances a person’s level of health through development of each of the six

dimensions of health: physical health, intellectual health, emotional health, social health,

spiritual health, and environmental health. Exercise and eating a healthy variety of foods help

develop physical health; taking a course in general nutrition helps develop intellectual health;

buying locally produced food helps develop environmental health; being part of a faith-based

organization helps develop spiritual health; and keeping a journal helps develop emotional

health. The missing dimension in this example is development of social health; eating meals

with friends throughout the week would add this dimension. Growing her own food would be

another example of environmental health; keeping a food record would be another contributor

to physical health; and meeting with a registered dietitian may contribute to physical,

intellectual, and emotional health.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. For a client who is missing meals because of poor planning or is too busy to eat, emotional

health can be affected by , which can cause confusion or anxiety.

a. low blood sugar levels

b. high blood sugar levels

c. high blood pressure

d. extremely low blood pressure

ANS: A

Poor eating habits affect emotional health. Missing meals may cause blood sugar levels to

decrease, which can cause anxiety or confusion or make difficult to control emotions. Late

night binges on snack food are likely to result in excessive energy intake but would have a

less direct effect on emotional health. Eating small meals throughout the day is likely to

maintain more constant blood sugar levels, which would actually have a positive effect on

emotional health. Excessive caffeine consumption may contribute to anxiety, but 2 cups of

caffeinated coffee is not considered excessive.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

4. The best example of the type of concern that is likely to be addressed by the U.S. Department

of Health and Human Services when target goals for Healthy People 2030 are updated is

a. preference for vegetarian eating patterns among white women.

b. low intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children.

c. widespread use of bottled water in higher socioeconomic groups.

d. common use of protein and vitamin supplements in athletes.

ANS: B

Healthy People is used to set targets for health promotion to improve the health of all

individuals. It addresses environmental and social issues that affect health outcomes. Low

intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children is likely to have an adverse

effect on their health and so may be addressed when target goals are set. Vegetarian eating

patterns, use of bottled water, and use of protein and vitamin supplements do not necessarily

have an adverse effect on nutritional health and so are less likely to be addressed.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. An example of community support for health promotion is

a. teaching a young mother skills in safe food preparation.

b. watching a television documentary about industry errors in food processing.

c. labeling fresh poultry packages with information about proper food storage.

d. being aware that Salmonella can be transmitted because of inadequate food

preparation.

ANS: C

Food labeling information is an example of community support because it is a regulatory

measure that supports new health-promoting behaviors within a social context. Teaching,

watching television, and awareness may increase knowledge, but they do not alter the social

context by regulation or environmental change.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

6. An example of a technique for health promotion is

a. exercising five times a week.

b. local supermarkets’ expanding the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables.

c. teaching a teenager how to choose healthier foods at fast-food restaurants.

d. information about the relationship of dietary intake and diet-related disorders.

ANS: C

Health promotion consists of strategies that are designed to improve the health of individuals,

families, groups, and communities, such as teaching a teenager how to choose healthier fast

foods. Exercising regularly contributes to wellness, but it is not bringing about a change in

health unless this is a change in behavior. Stocking a wider availability of fresh produce does

not promote health, unless the supermarket uses specific strategies to encourage consumption.

Information about the relationship between nutrients and disease is simply information unless

it is used to promote behavior change.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

7. For the efficient functioning and maintenance of the body, a person needs to consume

sufficient amounts of

a. fiber.

b. nutrients.

c. minerals.

d. supplements.

ANS: B

The body needs sufficient amounts of all nutrients for efficient functioning and maintenance.

Both fiber and minerals are needed, but each represents only one type of nutrient.

Supplements are not always necessary because sufficient nutrients can often be obtained from

food.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

8. A nurse has just been assigned to a community health program for older adults. She should

check the document Healthy People 2020 to become familiar with

a. nutrition priorities and goals for older American adults.

b. dietary standards for Americans older than 50 years.

c. dietary guidelines recommended for older adults.

d. MyPlate recommendations for older adults.

ANS: A

Healthy People 2020 focuses on targets and goals for improving the health of the nation. The

nurse would check the Dietary Reference Intakes for information about dietary standards. The

Dietary Guidelines for Americans and MyPlate are separate documents from Healthy People

2020 and focus on specific advice and guidelines for healthy eating.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

9. A healthy female middle-aged client asks what she can do to prevent the development of type

2 diabetes. Weight control and nutrition strategies discussed are considered

a. primary treatment.

b. primary prevention.

c. secondary prevention.

d. tertiary prevention.

ANS: B

Action to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes is considered primary prevention.

Secondary prevention involves early detection to halt and minimize the effects of the disease,

and tertiary prevention minimizes complications and helps restore health after the disorder has

developed. “Primary treatment” is not a recognized term.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

10. As a home health care nurse, you are visiting a 70-year-old client who has just returned home

from the hospital after being treated for coronary artery disease. The medical nutrition therapy

developed for him by the hospital dietitian is considered

a. palliative care.

b. primary prevention.

c. secondary prevention.

d. tertiary prevention.

ANS: D

This is an example of tertiary prevention, which entails minimizing complications and helping

restore health after heart disease has developed. Primary prevention would occur before the

disease developed, and secondary prevention would involve early detection to minimize the

effects of the disease. Palliative care is intended only to minimize symptoms.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

11. A nutrient that can be made by the body is called

a. essential.

b. complete.

c. incomplete.

d. nonessential.

ANS: D

Nonessential nutrients can be made by the body. Essential nutrients cannot be made by the

body and must be consumed. The terms complete and incomplete refer to proteins. Complete

proteins contain all the essential amino acids; incomplete proteins are lacking one or more

essential amino acids.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

12. A client exercises regularly and wants to make sure that he has sufficient energy for his

workouts. The type of nutrient that will be most helpful in providing the energy he needs is

a. carbohydrates.

b. water.

c. minerals.

d. protein.