Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology 2 Chapter 2 The Cell - Structure and Function 34 Chapter 3 Cell Metabolism 93 Chapter 4 Cell Membrane Transport 150 Chapter 5 Chemical Messengers 196 Chapter 6 The Endocrine System - Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions 236 Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling 262 Chapter 8 Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration 303 Chapter 9 The Nervous System - Central Nervous System 349 Chapter 10 The Nervous System - Sensory Systems 402 Chapter 11 The Nervous System - Autonomic and Motor Systems 475 Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology 500 Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System - Cardiac Function 557 Chapter 14 The Cardiovascular System - Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure 603 Chapter 15 The Cardiovascular System - Blood 662 Chapter 16 The Respiratory System - Pulmonary Ventilation 693 Chapter 17 The Respiratory System - Gas Exchange and Regulation of Breathing 737 Chapter 18 The Urinary System - Renal Function 785 Chapter 19 The Urinary System - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance 840 Chapter 20 The Gastrointestinal System 889 Chapter 21 The Endocrine System - Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth 959 Chapter 22 The Reproductive System 1008 Chapter 23 The Immune System 1066 Chapter 24 Diabetes Mellitus 1113