UGA History Exemption Test - UPDATED 2023 with complete solution;(Actual questions and answers)

UGA History Exemption Test - UPDATED

2023 with complete solution;(Actual

questions and answers)

Pre-Columbian Peoples of the American Southwest - -Agriculturally focused groups that

developed powerful and complex societies

-Became increasingly dependent on the cultivation of maize

Pre-Columbian economy in Great Basin and the western Great Plains - - Migratory

because of limited resources

Pre-Columbian economy in the Northeast and along the Atlantic Seaboard - -Another

Group of tribes in present-day NY formed the Iroquois League

-Cultivated crops and participated in foraging and hunting, often creating lasting

settlements

Hernan Cortes - Spanish explorer who marched across mexico and conquered the

aztecs

- from spain

Hernando de Soto - -explored deep in USA

-first to cross and disocer Miss. River

-claimed for Spain

Georgia first colonized by Spanish because they were looking for - gold and land

The Columbian Exchange - The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and

technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's

voyages.

The Treaty of Tordesillas - A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring

that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would

belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to

Portugal.

St. Augustine - -1st colony in Florida set up by Spain

joint-stock company - A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each

shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the

company's profits and debts.

James Edward Oglethorpe - The leader of English Parliament who founded the Georgia

colony

James Wright - Georgia's third, and final, royal governor

Jamestown - -First permanent English settlement

-Starving time (1609-1610 80% died)

-1619: first slave ship of africans

- 1640: modern concept of slavery was established in US

Why did colonists come to the New World? - Religious freedom

profit

adventure...etc.

Original Trustees of Ga were provided what - 50 acres , free passage, provisions for 1

yr

William Penn - -Founder of Pennsylvania

-Pushed for democracy and religious freedom

-Quaker

-Wanted to unite all of the U.S. colonies

Quakers - -believed human religious institutions were largey unnecessary

-thought they could receive revelationg directly form God and placed little importance on

the Bible

-pacifists and declined to show customary deference to their alleged social superiors

-their aggressiveness in denouncing established institutions brought them trouble in

both britain and america

-opposed slavery and favored decent treatment of Native Americans

-elements of the culture would play a role in shaping the characterization of a United

States that valued independence and social equality

What country claimed Quebec? - The French

French Colonization in the New World - French and Dutch Colonies in the new world

usually relied on cooperation with native peoples instead of extensive settlement and

force in contrast to the spanish and british

Dutch Colonization in the New World - -first colonies functioned more as trading

outposts than settlements

-the Dutch commissioned an expedition by English explorer Henry Hudson to North

America

-Hudson failed in his search for a Northwest Passage, but his reports of abundant

resources created interest among Dutch merchants

-The Dutch West India Company was chartered to develop colonies in North America

-the company tried to attract immigrants with land grants, and a diverse group of

European settlers slowly began to arrive

-its most important settlement was New Amsterdam, which became a center for trade

-usually relied on cooperation with native peoples instead of extensive settlement and

force, in contrast to the Spanish and British

Types of New British Colonies in the New World - -Charter Colony: colonist were

members of a corp

-Royal Colony: governor selected by King

-Proprietary colonies: owned by individuals

Characteristics of New England Colonies: - Founded primarily by Puritans, that wanted

a group of like-minded individuals; close-knit, longer life expectancies; mixed economy

of farming and trade

What is the headright system? - The headright system is when a landowner would pay

for an individual's passage from England to America. The landowner would receive 50

acres of land and that same individual to work the land.

Who settled land west of the Mississippi River

A. The French

B. The Dutch

C. The Spanish

D. The British - A. The French

Who settled land in New York - The Dutch along Hudson River later colonized New

Amsterdam on Manhattan Island.

Main cash crop of Chesapeake Bay (Virginia and Maryland) - Tobacco

??? Early settlers wanted main crop to be ______ , ended up being _______ - wine/silk

and rice/indigo

Later cash crops became tobacco and cotton

King Phillip's War - Most Indians lost in New England

King Philip's War was an armed conflict between American Indian inhabitants of New

England versus the New England colonists and their Indian allies in 1675-78

Bacon's Rebellion - -armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon

against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.

- First rebellion in the colonies

Whiskey Rebellion - In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's

excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by

their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led

by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government

under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast

to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's

Rebellion.

Indentured Servitude - A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified

period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Before 1800

most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asians.

Bacon's Rebellion made the practice seem riskier to planters and owners

English Puritanism - 1500s and 1600s

*Movement by those who wished to reform the Church of England to be more in line

with their ideology

*Puritans rejected these roman Catholic holdovers and sought to make the English

Church "pure"

*Puritans held Calvinist beliefs, such as predestination and the authority of Scripture

over papal authority

*Puritanism echoes throughout American culture in the ideas of self-reliance, moral

fortitude, and an emphasis on intellectualism

Many of the European settlers who first came to the New World did so to escape

religious persecution. Which colony was granted to a benefactor for the purpose of

settling the Quakers?

A. Virginia

B. Massachusetts

C. New Hampshire

D. Pennsylvania - D. Pennsylvania by William Penn

House of Burgesses - 1619 - The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first

legislative body in colonial America. Later other colonies would adopt houses of

burgesses.

Maryland - became the first proprietary colony to serve as refuge for English Catholics

Navigation Acts - Acts passed in 1660 passed by British parliament to increase colonial

dependence on Great Britain for trade; limited goods that were exported to colonies;

caused great resentment in American colonies.

Triangular Trade - A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to

America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to

Africa

Early settlers in New England depended primarily upon what source of labor?

A. their children

B. slaves

C. indentured servants