Why were the Big three and which countries were they from? ✔✔1.) Winstin Churchill (Britain) 2.) Joseph Stalin (USSR) 3.) Franklin Roosevelt/Truman (US) Describe the decisions made at the following conferences during WWII: Tehran Conference ✔✔- Allies agreed that the Soviet Union would focus on freeing Eastern Europe(from Germany) - While Britain and the US would concentrate on Western Europe - Britain and the US agreed to Soviet demand to put some polish territory into the Soviet Union Describe the decisions made at the following conferences during WWII: Yalta Conference ✔✔- Plans to reconstruct Eastern Europe and defeating Japan - Roosevelt wanted free democratic elections in Eastern Europe, and the Soviets to join the war against Japan - Stalin wanted influence over Eastern Europe and buffer zone there - Stalin wanted control of islands claimed by Japan, ports that were ruled by China, and partial ownership of a Manchurian railroad in return for their help against Japan Describe the decisions made at the following conferences during WWII: Potsdam Conference ✔✔- Final conference between the big three - Harry Truman wanted free elections in Eastern Europe but the Soviets occupied the region - Communists gain control of East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania - Did not settle many important issues How did the global balance of power shift after WWII? ✔✔Europe became less influential and powerful over the world and went under population loss, while Britain and France supported democracy and capitalism. What was the United Nations and what was its purpose? ✔✔The United Nations was an organization created after World War II and was made to replace the League of Nations and discuss problems/make peace. Define the Cold War: ✔✔A conflict that was between the Soviet Union and the US. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield, but deadly threats went on for years. What were the ideologies of the two major countries involved in the Cold War? ✔✔US: Believed in capitalism and wanted to stop the spread of communism Soviet Union: believed in communism What does the term Iron Curtain refer to? ✔✔The division between the democratic capitalist Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe. What is a Satellite Country? ✔✔Eastern European nations that were technically not a part of the Soviet Union but were controlled by them, consisted of communist governments. (Orbit around them and are still tied to them). Explain how each of the following contributed to growing tensions in the Cold War: The Marshall Plan ✔✔- When the United States took action to rebuild Europe after WWII - In fear that their unstable economy would result in a communist revolution - Sparked tensions once the Soviet Union along w/ their Eastern European Satellites refused to participate in the plan