WGU 785 Final Exam Latest 2023 With Complete Solution

Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for

their kids?

Correct answer- His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.

Autosomal:

Dominant:

Correct answer- Autosomal: males and females equally affected.

Dominant: non-carrier parents

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Correct answer- The process of copying DNA in the lab. Uses Template DNA,

Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.

3 Steps of PCR

Correct answer- 1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.

2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy and

add DNA polymerase.

3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides building

a new DNA strand.

Base Excision Repair (BER)

Correct answer- How you repair a mutation. BER is used to repair damage to a base

caused by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is damaged and replace it.

*BER removes a single nucleotide*

DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.

DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.

Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during:

Correct answer- replication. DNA polymerase proofreads but sometimes a mismatch

pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of the nucleotides from the new DNA

and DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)

Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage?

Correct answer- When a base is mismatched due to errors in replication. Such as G-T

instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes by and fixes it.

What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA?

Correct answer- TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides

and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind with

RNA primer to work.

What is needed for DNA replication?

Correct answer- DNA polymerase

Nonsense Mutation

Correct answer- Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon Stop= nonsense

because it is no more.

Silent Mutation

Correct answer- Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino acid. Silent= the

change doesn't change the name of the protein

Missense Mutation

Correct answer- Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a different amino acid.

Missense = mistake was made.

What happends during RNA splicing?

Correct answer- During RNA splicing introns are cut out, the remaining exons are joined

together.

5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'

Find the DNA template strand.

Correct answer- 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'

The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go

L-R with the complimentary letter.

5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'

What is the corresonding mRNA sequence?

Correct answer- 5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'

This sequence is the same as the coding strand except T changes to U because it is

RNA. RNA doesn't have T.

How would a mutation from CTC to ATC affect the protein sequence? (CTC/ATC -

coding strand, AUC - mRNA strand)

Correct answer- This will make a missense mutation because it changes the name of

the protein. (look at the chart provided.) missense = mistake

DNA replication process

Correct answer- DNA ->Transcription -> RNA -> Translation -> Polypeptide

Describe how you would find what ionized Alanine looks like.