Maintaining Order ✔✔Preserving life and protecting property, establishing basic order Providing public goods ✔✔benefits and services available to everyone, such as education, sanitation, and parks promoting equality ✔✔Ensuring individuals or groups are not treated differently on the basis of their specific protected characteristics Liberalism according to John Locke ✔✔The belief that states should leave individuals free to follow their individual pursuits What is the purpose of government according to john lockes philosophy of liberalism ✔✔the protection of life, liberty, and property what three values are considered to be foundational to american government ✔✔freedom, order and equality political equiality ✔✔equality in political decision making, one vote per person with all votes counted equally Social equality ✔✔equality in wealth, education, and status How does the US constitution guarantee political equality ✔✔prohibits titles of nobility and does not make owning property a requirement for holding public office the original dilemma ✔✔freedom vs order example of original dilemma ✔✔mandatory testing for HIV/AIDS Modern dilemma ✔✔Freedom vs. Equality example of freedom vs equality ✔✔mandating that buses and trains are accessible to people with disabilties political ideology ✔✔a consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government Totalitarianism ✔✔belief that government should have unlimited power anarchism ✔✔opposes government in any form Capitalism ✔✔supports free enterprise Socialism ✔✔central government plays strong role in regulating existing private industry and directing the economy What kind of economic system would libertarians support ✔✔Laissez Faire Direct democracy ✔✔rank-and file citizen rule themselves rather than electing representatives to govern on their behalf Indirect Democracy ✔✔system of government where citizen elect public officials to govern on their behalf Social contract theory ✔✔people agree to set up rulers for certain purposes and thus have the right to resist or remove rulers who act against these purposes Republic ✔✔A government without a monarch; a government rooted in the consent of the governed, whose power is exercised by elected representatives responsible to the governed Under a confederation who has more power? (states or national governemnt?) ✔✔State government What powers did the states have under the article of confederation ✔✔retain their sovereignty, which means that each has supreme power within it's boarders. The central government is weak, can only coordinate not control Major weakness of the articles of confederation ✔✔1. No ability to tax 2. No leadership position to direct the government 3. Did not allow the national government to regulate interstate and foreign commerce 4. could not be amended without the unaimous agreement of the congress Shay's rebellion ✔✔demonstrated the weakness of the articles of confederation Virgina Plan ✔✔Separation of government into three branches, division of the legislature into two houses and proportional representation in the legislature New Jersey Plan ✔✔Single chamber legislature have the power to raise revenue and regulate commerce. Great Compromise ✔✔House according to population, States represented equally The 4 elements of the preamble ✔✔1. Creates a people 2. explains the reason for the constitution