3-D Secure ✔✔An XML-based protocol used by credit card companies to add security to online credit and debit card transactions. Active Server Pages (ASP) ✔✔a proprietary technology available only on Microsoft-specific systems or systems with a special interpreter installed. AJAX ✔✔Asynchronous JavaScript and XML: A programming methodology that uses a number of existing technologies together and enables Web applications to make incremental updates to the user interface without the need to reload the browser page. application cache ✔✔A directory on a computer where applications, such as Internet apps, can be stored and run without access to the original application. Application Programming Interface (API) ✔✔A set of universal commands, calls and functions that allows developers to communicate with an application or operating system. bandwidth ✔✔The amount of information, sometimes called traffic, that can be carried on a network at one time. The total capacity of a line. Also, the rate of data transfer over a network connection; measured in bits per second. block-level element ✔✔A markup element that affects at least an entire paragraph. brand ✔✔A concept or collection of symbols associated with a product, service or person. business-to-business (B2B) ✔✔An e-commerce model in which a Web-based business sells products and/or services to other businesses. business-to-consumer (B2C) ✔✔An e-commerce model in which a Web-based business sells products and/or services to consumers or end users. canvas ✔✔An HTML5 Application Programming Interface (API) used for rendering visual images on the fly by providing scripts with a bitmap canvas. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) ✔✔A technology that allows greater style definition and formatting control of HTML elements. Formatting can be placed within the HTML or called remotely from an external style sheet. character set ✔✔The group of symbols used to render text on a page. client ✔✔An individual computer connected to a network. Also, a system or application (such as a Web browser or user agent) that requests a service from another computer (the server) and is used to access files or documents. client-side script ✔✔Code embedded into an HTML page and downloaded by a user; resides on the client and helps process Web form input. Common clientside scripting languages include JavaScript and VBScript. cloud computing ✔✔Software, infrastructure and platform services that are hosted by a remote data center and provided to organizations or individuals over the Internet. Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ✔✔A program that processes data submitted by the user. Allows a Web server to pass control to a software application, based on user request. The application receives and organizes data, then returns it in a consistent format. consumer-to-consumer (C2C) ✔✔An e-commerce model in which individual consumers sell products or services to other consumers. cookie ✔✔A text file that contains information sent between a server and a client to help maintain state and track user activities. Cookies can reside in memory or on a hard drive. customs ✔✔National departments responsible for controlling items entering and leaving the country. demographics ✔✔The study of groups of people. Specifically, the practice of gathering statistical data by studying populations based on characteristics such as age, income and education. dithering ✔✔The ability for a computer to approximate a color by combining the RGB values. document type declaration () ✔✔A declaration of document or code type embedded within an HTML, XHTML, XML or SGML document; identifies the version and markup language used. Denoted by the declaration at the beginning of the document. Document Type Definition (DTD) ✔✔A set of rules contained in a simple text file that defines the structure, syntax and vocabulary as it relates to tags and attributes for a corresponding document. drag-and-drop ✔✔Functionality that allows a user to grab an object and move it to a different location on a computer screen. drop zone ✔✔An area of a Web page that has been defined as a place where dragged items can be placed. Dynamic HTML (DHTML) ✔✔An umbrella term that describes the combination of HTML, script, styles and the Document Object Model (DOM) to provide Web page interactivity. electronic commerce (e-commerce) ✔✔The integration of communications, data management and security capabilities to allow organizations and consumers to exchange information related to the sale of good and services. emulator ✔✔A type of software that imitates a computer then allows non-native software to run in a foreign environment. Sometimes also a hardware device. Extensible Markup Language (XML) ✔✔A markup language that describes document content instead of adding structure or formatting to document content. A simplified version of SGML. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ✔✔An Internet protocol used to transfer files between computers; allows file transfer without corruption or alteration. fixed-width font ✔✔A font in which every character, including the space character, has equal width. In proportional-width fonts, letters such as I and J have less width than M or B. geolocation ✔✔The ability to determine a user's location. Web sites can use this information to enhance the user experience and provide location-based services. graphical user interface (GUI) ✔✔A program that provides visual navigation with menus and screen icons, and performs automated functions when users click command buttons. hexadecimal ✔✔A base-16 number system that allows large numbers to be displayed by fewer characters than if the number were displayed in the regular base- 10 system. In hexadecimal, the number 10 is represented as the letter A, 15 is represented as F. hyperlinks ✔✔Embedded instructions within a text file that link it to another point in the file or to a separate file